Authorized Release | Recommendations of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development

(Adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on October 23, 2025)

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has conducted an in-depth analysis of the international and domestic situations and put forward the following recommendations on formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.

(1) Major achievements in China’s development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. The development journey of China in the 14th Five-Year Plan period was extremely extraordinary and remarkable. Faced with a complex international landscape and daunting tasks of domestic reform, development and stability, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has united and led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China to forge ahead despite difficulties and hardships. We have withstood the severe impact of the once-in-a-century pandemic, effectively responded to a series of major risks and challenges, and secured new and major achievements in the cause of the Party and the country.

The economy has operated steadily with progress, and high-quality development has been vigorously advanced. Scientific and technological innovation has yielded fruitful results, and new productive forces have developed steadily. Comprehensive deepening of reform has been further advanced, and high-level opening up has been continuously expanded. Whole-process people’s democracy has developed in depth, and comprehensive law-based governance has been effectively implemented. Cultural programs and industries have thrived, and cultural and ethical works have flourished. People’s well-being has been effectively ensured, and the gains in poverty alleviation have been consolidated and expanded. The transition to green and low-carbon development has accelerated, and the ecological environment has steadily improved. National security capabilities have been effectively enhanced, social governance has become more efficient, and overall social stability has been maintained. Major strides have been made in national defense and military development. The practice of “one country, two systems” has been further advanced. China’s distinctive major-country diplomacy has been comprehensively expanded. Comprehensive and strict governance over the Party has achieved remarkable results, the fight against corruption has advanced in depth, and the Party’s creativity, cohesion and combat capability have been significantly strengthened.

China’s economic, scientific and technological strength and overall national strength have reached new heights. Chinese-style modernization has taken solid new steps, and the new journey toward the Second Centenary Goal has got off to a good start. These major achievements are fundamentally attributable to the navigation and stewardship of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

(2) The 15th Five-Year Plan period occupies a pivotal position in basically achieving socialist modernization. Achieving socialist modernization is a historical process of gradual, sustained progress that requires unremitting and concerted efforts. The 15th Five-Year Plan period is a crucial stage for consolidating the foundation and advancing all initiatives toward basically achieving socialist modernization. We must consolidate and expand our strengths, remove bottlenecks, shore up weak links, seize the strategic initiative in intense international competition, secure major breakthroughs in strategic tasks bearing on the overall advancement of Chinese-style modernization, and lay a more solid foundation for basically achieving socialist modernization.

(3) Profound and complex changes in China’s development environment during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. Relations among major countries shape the international situation, which in turn profoundly affects domestic development. China’s development is entering a period of intertwined strategic opportunities, risks and challenges, with increasing uncertainties and unpredictabilities.

Internationally, profound changes unseen in a century are accelerating; the global balance of power is undergoing profound adjustments; and a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is gaining momentum. China enjoys many favorable conditions for actively shaping its international environment. At the same time, the world is fraught with turmoil and instability; geopolitical conflicts are frequent; unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise; hegemonism and power politics pose growing threats; the international economic and trade order faces severe challenges; global growth momentum is weak; and competition among major countries is becoming more complex and intense.

Domestically, China’s economic foundation is solid, with strong resilience, enormous potential and many strengths. The fundamental trend of long-term sound development remains unchanged. The institutional strengths of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the advantages of a super-large market, a complete industrial system and abundant human resources have become more pronounced. At the same time, unbalanced and inadequate development remains prominent; effective demand is insufficient, with bottlenecks in the domestic economic cycle; the transformation of growth drivers is arduous; agricultural and rural modernization lags behind; employment and income growth face pressure; weak links remain in ensuring people’s well-being; demographic changes pose new challenges for economic development and social governance; and risks and hidden dangers persist in key sectors.

Changes bring opportunities, and challenges inspire resolve. The whole Party must deeply understand the decisive significance of the “Two Establishments,” strengthen the “Four Consciousnesses,” enhance the “Four Matters of Confidence,” and uphold the “Two Maintenances.” We must maintain strategic resolve, strengthen confidence in victory, actively understand, respond to and create changes, dare to struggle and be good at struggling, stand firm against major tests amid turbulent winds and even stormy waves, overcome difficulties, tackle risks and meet challenges with a proactive historical spirit, focus on running our own affairs well, write a new chapter in the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and strive to open new horizons for advancing Chinese-style modernization.

(4) Guiding ideology for economic and social development in the 15th Five-Year Plan period. We must adhere to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of “Three Represents,” the Scientific Outlook on Development, and fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We must thoroughly implement the guiding principles of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and all plenary sessions of the 20th Central Committee. Centered on building a great modern socialist country in all respects and achieving the Second Centenary Goal, we will advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-style modernization, coordinate the overall plan for advancing the “Five-Sphere Integrated Plan,” and coordinate the strategic layout of the “Four-Comprehensive Strategic Layout.” We will coordinate domestic and international imperatives, fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy, accelerate the building of a new development paradigm, adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while maintaining stability, take economic development as the central task, and take high-quality development as the main theme.

We will uphold and improve the system of people’s congresses to ensure that state organs exercise power and perform duties in accordance with the law, and that the people’s democratic rights and legitimate interests are safeguarded and realized. We will uphold and improve the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, give play to the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference as a specialized consultative body, strengthen coordination among various consultation channels, and advance the extensive, multi-level and institutionalized development of consultative democracy. We will improve grassroots democracy and ensure that people manage grassroots public affairs and public welfare undertakings in accordance with the law. We will improve mechanisms for soliciting public opinion and pooling public wisdom. We will better leverage the role of mass organizations such as trade unions, the Communist Youth League and women’s federations, and strengthen policy support for industrial workforce development, youth development, and women’s and children’s causes. We will promote the all-round development of human rights. We will improve the overall pattern of united front work, consolidate and develop the broadest possible patriotic united front, foster a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, and advance the building of the Chinese nation community. We will adhere to the direction of sinicization of religion in China and strengthen the law-based governance of religious affairs. We will fully implement the Party’s policy on overseas Chinese affairs and better pool the hearts and strength of overseas Chinese.

We will advance comprehensive law-based governance, and promote sound legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice and law-abiding behavior by all. We will strengthen the implementation and oversight of the Constitution and laws, and improve systems and mechanisms for safeguarding the unity of the rule of law in China. We will strengthen legislative planning and review to improve the quality of legislation. We will intensify the building of a law-based government, fully implement the filing and review of administrative normative documents, and improve mechanisms for the substantive resolution of administrative disputes. We will advance the development of digital platforms for political and legal work, and strengthen cross-departmental coordination and oversight in law enforcement and judicial work. We will standardize the exercise of judicial power, improve mechanisms for ensuring and evaluating judicial impartiality, and enhance the impartiality, stability and authority of judicial adjudication. We will strengthen procuratorial oversight and public interest litigation. We will protect personal rights, property rights and personality rights in accordance with the law, improve long-term mechanisms for regulating law enforcement involving enterprises, and prevent and rectify unauthorized cross-regional law enforcement and profit-driven law enforcement. We will improve the national enforcement system and effectively address the difficulty of enforcing court judgments. We will accelerate the building of a foreign-related rule-of-law system and capacity, and improve mechanisms for international commercial mediation, arbitration and litigation. We will strengthen oversight over leading officials’ compliance with the law, and improve comprehensive mechanisms for evaluating the rule of law. We will advance the building of a rule-of-law society and foster a social environment in which the whole society respects the rule of law, abides by rules, honors contracts and upholds justice.

(58) Promoting the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao. We will unswervingly implement the policy of “one country, two systems,” under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong, Macao people administer Macao, and a high degree of autonomy is exercised. We will uphold the principles of “patriots administering Hong Kong” and “patriots administering Macao,” improve law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao, and promote their economic and social development. We will support Hong Kong and Macao in better integrating into and serving the overall national development, strengthen economic, trade, scientific, technological and cultural cooperation between Hong Kong, Macao and the mainland, and improve policies and measures to facilitate Hong Kong and Macao residents’ development and livelihood on the mainland. We will leverage Hong Kong and Macao’s unique advantages as a bridge connecting the motherland and the world, consolidate and enhance Hong Kong’s status as an international financial, shipping and trade center, support Hong Kong in developing into an international innovation and technology hub, and continuously enhance Macao’s role as a world tourism and leisure center, a commercial and trade cooperation platform between China and Portuguese-speaking countries, and a base for cultural exchange. We will promote appropriate and diversified economic development in Macao, and support Hong Kong and Macao in building international hubs for high-end talent.

(59) Promoting peaceful development of cross-strait relations and national reunification. We will thoroughly implement the Party’s overall strategy for Taiwan-related work in the new era, resolutely combat “Taiwan independence” separatist forces, oppose interference by external forces, maintain peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait, and firmly grasp the initiative in cross-strait relations. We will deepen cross-strait exchanges and cooperation, and jointly inherit and promote Chinese culture. We will advance the development of cross-strait integrated development demonstration zones with high quality, strengthen industrial cooperation, and promote cross-strait economic cooperation. We will implement policies ensuring Taiwan compatriots enjoy equal treatment, create better conditions for Taiwan compatriots to study, work and live on the mainland, and enhance the well-being of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.

(60) Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. We will advocate an equitable and orderly multipolar world and inclusive economic globalization, expand global partnerships, and promote a new type of international relations. We will deepen development integration with neighboring countries, strengthen common security, consolidate strategic mutual trust, and build a community with a shared future for the neighborhood. We will maintain overall stability in relations with major countries, deepen solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries, implement the Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, Global Civilization Initiative and Global Governance Initiative, and guide the international order toward a more just and reasonable direction. We will support the Global South in achieving self-reliance through unity, increase foreign assistance, and provide more global public goods. We will resolutely oppose hegemonic and bullying practices, safeguard international fairness and justice, and defend the common interests of all peoples. We will promote the common values of humanity, and strive to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness and inclusiveness, and a clean and beautiful environment, thus contributing China’s share to building a community with a shared future for mankind.

(61) Fully mobilizing the whole society to participate in Chinese-style modernization. In accordance with the guiding principles of this plenary session, we will formulate national and local 15th Five-Year Plan outlines and special plans, forming a national planning system with clear positioning, distinct boundaries, complementary functions and unified alignment. We will strengthen monitoring, evaluation and oversight of plan implementation, improve policy coordination and work synergy mechanisms, and ensure the implementation of the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee. We will follow the principle of respecting labor, knowledge, talent and creativity, stimulate the whole society’s enthusiasm for entrepreneurship, innovation and creation, and foster a dynamic environment where every person can give full play to their talents and the whole nation works together in unity.

The whole Party, the entire military and the people of all ethnic groups must unite even more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, strive together to basically achieve socialist modernization, and continuously open new horizons for building a great modern socialist country and rejuvenating the Chinese nation through Chinese-style modernization.